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| 1. What does RER (respiratory exchange ratio) stand for? |
| A. Metabolic equivalents in carbohydrate metabolism |
| B. A fatigue ratio |
| C. Ratio: VCO2/VO2 |
| D. Reference measure of acidosis |
| 2. A VO2max test not meeting criteria is referred to as which of the following? |
| A. VO2 subtrial |
| B. VO2 peak |
| C. VO2 subtest |
| D. VO2 stress |
| 3. The average increase in VO2max, with untrained persons, from training studies is: |
| A. 15% to 20% |
| B. 20% to 30% |
| C. 5% to 10% |
| D. 10% to 15% |
| 4. What role does myoglobin play in aerobic exercise? |
| 5. If you utilize fat more efficiently, how will this effect glycogen depletion? |
| A. Spare glycogen |
| B. No effect |
| C. Increase glygogen usage |
| D. None of the above |
| 6. What does ejection fraction mean? |
| A. The volume of blood left after systole |
| B. The percent of blood pumped out of the ventricle |
| C. The volume of blood pumped per beat |
| D. The volume of blood pumped per minute |
| 7. Which energy system predominates in a VO2max test? |
| A. Phosphagen |
| B. Glycolysis |
| C. Mitchondrial respiration |
| D. They all equally contribute to VO2max |
| 8. What would an average ejection fraction be at rest? |
| A. 40% |
| B. 50% |
| C. 60% |
| D. 70% |
| 9. SV increases with exercise until what % VO2 max (range) in untrained individuals? |
| A. 70-90% |
| B. 90-100% |
| C.10-30% |
| D. 40-60% |
| 10. How much blood flow is shifted to working muscle at maximal exercise? |
| A. 55% to 60% |
| B. 65% to 7-% |
| C. 75% to 80% |
| D. 85% to 90% |
| 11. The oxidation of fat means? |
| A. An increase in lipid storage |
| B. The breakdown or burning of fat |
| C. Increase in fatty acids |
| D. Decrease in mitochondria function |
| 12. During exercise, with a healthy person, what happens to diastolic blood pressure? |
| A. It rises very similar to systolic blood pressure |
| B. It rises more than systolic blood pressure |
| C. It stays pretty level and may slightly lower |
| D. None of the above |
| 13. Arteriole venous oxygen difference (a-VO2) refers to what? |
| A. Increased hematocrit from increased plasma volume |
| B. Redistribution of peripheral blood flow |
| C. Peripheral blood flow |
| D. Extraction of oxygen from the capillary bed |
| 14. Which is more associated to exercise intensity: HR or O2? |
| A. Heart rate (HR) |
| B. Oxygen consumption (O2) |
| C. Varies with fitness level |
| D. No difference |
| 15. How much does capillary supply increase (in %) due to aerobic training? |
| A. >15% |
| B. >20% |
| C. >25% |
| D. >30% |
| 16. Ideally a VO2 max protocol should last how long? |
| A. 6 to 10 minutes |
| B. 8 to 12 minutes |
| C. 10 to 14 minutes |
| D. 10 to 16 minutes |
| 17. With aerobic training, how much increase in oxidative enzymes is shown? |
| A. 4.5 times (or 450%) |
| B. 5 times (or 500%) |
| C. 2.5 times (or 250%) |
| D.3.5 times (or 350%) |
| 18. What is the mitochondrial density increase from aerobic exercise? |
| 19. The atrial contraction sends what %of blood to the ventricles? |
| A. 10% |
| B. 20% |
| C. 30% |
| D. 40% |
| 20. Cardiac output is equal to? |
| A. Stroke volume times heart rate |
| B. ESV/EDV |
| C. ESV x EDV |
| D. Ejection fraction X 100 |
| 21. Which Ventricular volume will always be the largest value? |
| A. SV |
| B. EDV |
| C. ESV |
| D. It varies with all people |
| 22. What are the theoretical limits of the respiratory exchange ratio? |
| A. .4 to 1.0 |
| B. .5 to 1.0 |
| C. .6 to 1.0 |
| D. ,7 to 1.0 |
| 23. What does buffering capacity refer to? |
| A. Enzyme activity in the muscle |
| B. Speed of hydrolysis of ATP |
| C. The muscle’s capacity to neutralize the acid that accumulates during glycolysis |
| D. Dynamic muscle action‘s contraction capability |
| 24. When asked, 'what is the optimal intensity for a fat burning workout', which of the following answers is the best recommendation? |
| A. Exercise where you feel the burn |
| B. To burn more fat, burn more calories (comfortable but challenging intensity) |
| C. Choose a catabolic intensity |
| D. Train at 70% to 80% of your maximum heart rate |
| 25. Mathematically, which of the following represents the FICK equation? |
| A. VO2 = Q x a-v O2 difference |
| B. VO2 = SV x HR x a-v O2 difference |
| C. VO2 = (EDV - ESV) x HR x a-v O2 difference |
| D. All of the above |
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